Naxlex RAT 8

1. Topiramate (Anticonvulsant)

-> Epilepsy / Migraine 편두통

-> 임신 중 금기!!!!

-> Do not take this medication if u r planning to become pregnant

 

2. Phenylketonuria

(간호중재)

-> Low-phenylalanine diet / avoid high-protein

-> baby foods rich in tyrosine '

-> Aspartame은 주면안됨. -> Phenylalanine함유하고 있음. 

 

3. twin-twin transfusion syndrome -> 쌍둥이 임신했을 때 발생하는 blood flow 불균형

(donor twin 합병증)

-> Oligohydramnios 양수과소증 

-> Intrauterine growth restriction 자궁 내 성장 제한

-> Anemia 빈혈 

 

4. Guillain-Barre syndrome 길랑바레 증후군 : 자가면역질환 

-> 증상 : Respiratory failure d/t muscle weakness 

-> 우선중재 필요 : Decreased forced vital capacity -> 호흡관련 

 

5. PAD peripheral arterial disease

: Atrophic skin of the affected area (d/t Chronic ischemia) 만성허혈로 인한 피부 위축 

: Cool skin / diminished pulses 

: Hair loss / Thickened nail  손톱 변화 

 

6. 혈압재는 법

-> cuff 공기를 2~3mmHg/sec 속도로 줄인다. 

-> 혈압보다 30mmHg정도 더 압력을 준다. 

-> palpates the brachial artery before applying the blood pressure cuff 

 

7. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy 복강경 담낭절제술 

-> 1~2주만에 일상생활(업무활동) 복귀 가능

-> 당일 퇴원함. Discharged home on the same day as surgery 

-> multiple small incision 

 

8. Neonatal jaundice 

-> Bilirubin level monitoring

-> Severe Jaundice can lead to kernicterus 

-> phototherapy 

 

9. Hontington disease 

(중재) A referral to a speech therapist (d/t Dysarthria / dysphagia) 

: SSRI -> manage psychiatric symptoms 

 

10. IV 잡기 

-> Use the smallest-gauge cannula that will accommodate the therapy 

-> 토니켓을 6inch (15cm) proximal to the intended venipuncture site

-> Apply a warm compress to the client's arm over 5mins before initiate. 

-> Avoid vigorously tapping 너무 세게 두두리지는 말기!! '

 

11. Prophylactic eye treatment (Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment)

-> Apply lower conjunctival sac 하부점막에 적용함. 

-> 과도한 연고는 Wiped away promptly 

-> prevents an eye infection caused by gonorrhea. 

-> notify해야됨. Edema가 24hrs내에 나타날 시 

 

12. Focal-onset seizure 국소성 발작 

(중재) 

- Diazepam

- EEG prepare 

(Monitor) 

- Gag reflex : Aspiration 예방을 위해 

- Nystagmus 안구진탕 

 

13. Diarrhea in young children 

- 중재 : Offering frequent, small amounts of fluids with the normal diet

          : prevent dehydration 

          : 쥬스는 주지 말것-> 설사위험 증가 

 

14. hypoglycemia -> Glipizide (sulfonylurea) 저혈당 위험 높음. 

 

15. Cataract removal 백내장 제거 

(중재) 

-> Eye shield : during night or during naps for first week (daytime에는 필요 없음)

 

16. Infant, toddler(2세 미만) car seat : Rear-facing at the back seat.

 

17. Ondansetron (nausea, vomiting 증상관리약)

-> Prolonged QT interval 

-> Torsades de pointes

-> Nighttime headaches / constipation 

 

18. Toddler with cystic fibrosis 

-> High-protein / High-calorie diet  고단백 / 고칼로리 

-> Vit.A, D, E, K 

 

19. RLQ -> Cecum 맹장 Appendix

 

20 RUQ -> Gallbladder + Liver 

 

21. LLQ -> Sigmoid

 

22. LUQ -> Spleen 비장 

 

23. Kawasaki disease -> Inflammation of blood vessels 

-> Cardiac murmurs

-> Strawberry tongue

-> conjunctivitis 결막염 (Red eyes)

-> high fever (5일 이상 지속) 

-> Swollen lymph nodes 

 

24. Mastitis

-> Flu-like symptoms

-> localized breast pain / redness/ swelling

-> breastfeeding should continue

 

25. Amikacin - Peritonitis 복막염

-> Ototoxicity(Hearing loss, tinnitus) / Nephrotoxicity

 

26. ALL (Acute Lymphocytic leukemia) 

(증상)

Fatigue / Fever / Pallor / Bruising

- Headache / Nausea / vomiting / blurred vision

- Weight loss 

 

27. betamethasone - fetal lung maturity 

- monitor hyperglycemia 고혈당 주의 

 

28. Hyperkalemia 고칼륨혈증

- Peaked T wave

- Flattened or absent P wave

- widened QRS 

 

29. Hypokalemia -> Prominent U wave

 

30. Spina bifida 이분척추, 척추뼈 갈림증 

(교육)

High risk for latex allergy -> Using non-latex product is important

-. Leg brace -> socks착용하기 

 

31. Postpartum uterine atony 산후 자궁이완증 

(증상) Soft, boggy uterus / Fundus above umbilicus 

(정상자궁수축) : 1cm per daily after delivery 

(risk factor) : Multiparity / prolonged labor

 

32. Newborn assessment 

- 비정상 : Generalized petechiae 

 

- 정상 : Edematous scrotum / 1vein in the umbilical cord stump / 2artery+1vein

          : Transient strabismus 일과성 사시 (6개월 이상 지속되지 않으면 정상)

 

33. 20주의 산모에게 시행되는 검사

(20weeks) : Ultrasound 

- 15~20주 : Second-trimester maternal serum screening (Chromosomal abnormalities)

 -               : Urine test, Fetal Heart rate monitor / Glucose challenge screening

- Alpha-fetoprotein screening

 

34. Chorionic villus sampling : 10~13주 (융모막융모채취)

 

35. Neonatal Opioid withdrawal syn. (NOWS) 신생아 마약금단증후군 -> 엄마의 Heroin 복용 

(1) 증상 : Tremors / irritability / poor feeding / Excessive crying

             : Frequent yawning

 

36. Incomplete abortion 불완전 유산 

(증상) : Lower abdominal pain / Vaginal bleeding / blood clot passage / Uterus not palpable

          : Pale and diaphoretic / Tender abdomen on palpation 

 

37. Ectopic pregnancy 자궁외 임신

(증상) : Lower abdo pain / Vaginal bleeding / Pale, Diaphoretic / Tender abdo on palpation 

 

38. Spontaneous abortions 자연유산

(원인) : Chromosomal abnormal / Uterine Abnormal / Advanced maternal age 고령산모 

 

39. Schizophrenia 음성증상(Negative symptoms) 정상인에게는 있는데 조현병에게는 없는것!!

- Alogia 말수가 줄어들고 빈약함. 

- Anhedonia 무욕 (욕구가 줄어듦)

- Asociality 무사회성 

 

40. Haloperidol 

부작용 : Tardive dyskinesia 지연성 운동이상증 (Constant opening, closing of mouth)

(정신과약 심각한 부작용 : 운동기능 관련)

-> Involuntary muscle movements 

 

42. Small cell lung cancer

-> Pleural effusion

-> Spinal cord compression 

-> Superior Vena-cava syndrome : 가장 심각한 합병증 

    : Facial swelling / distende neck vein / respiratory distress

 

43. Effleurage 마사지 이완요법 분만 Stage 1에 쓰임. 

 

44. Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) -> furosemide

-> reducing fluid overload가 중

 

45. Colostomy 비정상 소견

-> Bluish or purple color

-> Stoma retraction

 

 

46. -statin계열

-> 심각한 부작용 : Muscle ache / Myopathy

  : Rhabdomyolysis 횡문근 융해증  -> Kidney damage

 

47. Propranolol (-olol) = beta blocker

부작용 : Hypoglycemia -> BST monitoring /Tachycardia

-> Fluid retention으로 BW daily or weekly로 재기 

 

48. Radiation therapy 

-> 부작용 : Anorexia / dysphagia / mucositis / localized skin reaction / xerostomia 구강건조

 

49. Manic episode

-> Limit involvement in decision-making

-> Set clear and concise limits on inappropriate behaviors

 

50. Digoxin toxicity 

* Early sign : 위장계, Neuro계 

  -> Nausea / vomiting / loss of appetite / fatigue 

 -> confusion / Blrred vision

 

** late sign / Advanced : bradycardia / Seeing halos