Naxlex 랜덤 테스트

1. Psoriasis 건선 : chronic autoimmune condition
- 증상 : Itchy / thick / scaly plaques on the skin 
  : red / raised patches with silvery scales
  : Itching and burning sensation in affected areas 
  : Nail changes 
 
2. 임신 probable signs : Chadwick / Hegar / Goodell sign
 
3. False imprisonment : constitute unlawful restraint (감금) - 신체보호대 
    Breach of confidentiality 비밀유지의무위반 : Client's personal health information 
 
4. Schizo - Clozapine (atypical antipsychotic drug)
- side effect : change immune system / 감염위험증가 
 
5. Epiglottitis 후두개염 
증상 : difficulty in breath / drooling / dysphagia 연하곤란 / muffled voice
- 중재 : administer Oxygen
- tongue blade 사용금지!!!!!(worsen airway obstruction)
 
6. loperamide : 설사를 멈추게함.  (E.coli 감염환자에게는 부적절함 - E.coli 배출을 늦춤)
 
7. Lithium
- 그냥 observation monitoring해도 되는 증상 : tremor / increased thirst / frequent urination / weight gain
- Severe side effects : Thyroid problem / kidney impairment / Low sodium level 
- 주의 : NSAIDs 복용주의 
 
8. 욕창 : Braden Scale
 
9. Celiac disease (Gluten intolerance) -> Gluten free 식이 Lifelong gluten-free diet.
 
10. Diverticulitis 게실염 
-> LLQ pain 
-> more common in older adults
-> blood in stool 
* 합병증 : Abscess 농양 / Perforation of the bowel / fistulas / severe bleeding / Sepsis  / peritonitis 복막
 
11. ondansetron : nausea, vomiting 완화 (Antiemetic) 
 
12. Primary syphilis 1기매독 
-> Painless / indurated(firm) Ulcer - Chancre 
 
13. Sencondary syphilis 2기매독 
- Rash / mucocutaneous lesions / Generalized lymphadenopathy

14. Cocaine intoxication
- erratic behavior / hyper-alertness / dilated pupil / rapid speech / physical aggression
- 부작용 : HTN / tachycardia / arrythmia / seizure / hyperthermia / respi depression / cardiac arrest

15. Stab wound & embedded knife
-> priority : stabilize the knife in place (추가손상방지)

16. 영어 못하는 환자
-> professional hospital interpreters가 우선!!

17. Fifth disease - parvovirus B19
-> slapped cheek
-> fever, headache, runny nose

18. Aspirin(NSAID)
- 부작용 : gastrointestinal irritation / Nausea / vomit
- easy bruising/bleeding / difficulty hearing / kidney problem

19. Atenolol (beta-blocker)
- dizziness / fatigue / cold hand & feet
- bradycardia

20. Lisnopril (ACE ingibitor)
- persistent cough
- hyperkalemia 주의 K+높아짐 주의
- liver problem

21. Tracheostomy - head up (aspiration 예방)

22. Hypokalemia 저칼륨
-> flattened T wave / inverted T wave
-> U wave 생김
-> prolonged QT interval

23. Aged-related macular degeneration (AMD)황반변성
-> enhancing central vision교육 : minimize glare for windows / keeping the environment clutter-free / Use of magnification device

24. DVT deep vein thrombo 중재
- elevate leg above heart
- Avoid prolonged sitting or standing
- Use SCD(Sequential compression devices

 

25. Preeclampsia 자간전증

- usually begins after 20weeks of pregnancy 

 

26. Digoxin  monitoring

- Monitoring for yellow visual halos

- Assessing for Vertigo

- Assessing BP regularly

*** Digoxin의 부작용 **

- Loss of appetite / nausea / vomiting

- Visual disturbances : blurred vision / yellow vision 

- Bradycardia : daily PR check 

 

27. Pedal edema & crackles -> Holding the 0.9 NS infusion 

 

28. Measles (홍역 Rubeola) - Airborne precautions

- Koplik spots : Bluish-gray spots on the buccal mucosa (뺨점막)

- Generalized erythematous maculopapular rash (Starting behind ears)

- runny nose / inflamed eyes

(중재)

- Vit A 공급

- Aspirin은 금기!!!!(Reye's syn 유발함) -> Liver에 치명적

- Calamine lotion ->가려움증 해소 

- 격리 : 발진 나타난 후 최소 4일 격리 

 

29. MMR 백신 금지 

-> HIV infection (Immunosuppression 상태)

-> Chemotherapy

 

30. Airborne precaution 공기주의

-> Varicella (Chickenpox) 수두

-> Covid-19

-> Pulmonary tuberculosis

-> Measles 홍역 

 

31. Umbilical cord prolapse 제대탈출증

-> 응급상황임. 

-> Cord compression / Fetal hypoxia / emergency intervention 

 

32. Schizophrenia -> Hearing voices telling them to harm themselves

(1) 첫번째 중재 : Assess the client's understanding of the risk of self-harm

 

33. 접촉주의 : MRSA, VRE, CRE

-> Gloves / Gown / Goggle / face mask

 

34. Anorexia Nervosa 신경성 식욕부진 

-> Create positive mealtime environment

-> Avoid focusing on the quantity of food eaten

 

35. Metformin

-> Kidney monitor (Serum Cr level monitoring)

 

36. Cystitis 방광염 (UTI urinary tract infection)

-> Encouraging increased fluid intake 수분섭취 증가 중요 (수분섭취가 가장중요!!)

* 부가적 중재 : Proper perineal care / Warm sitz baths / Pelvic floor exercise

 

37. Heart failure

- Shortness of breath (cyanosis)

- Bilateral lower limb swelling / Abdominal swelling

- Productive cough

 

38. Mitral valve - Mitral area Apex

- 5rh intercostal - Midclavicular line  on the left side of the chest 

 

39. Left-sided heart failure

* dyspnea due to pulmonary congestion / fluid buildup in the lungs

* Coarse crackles / Fluid accumulation in the alveoli and airways

* Orthopnea (Pulmonary congestion)

* BTS (sputum)

* Tachycardia 

 

40. Heart Failure 진단

* Echocardiogram

* BNP (Brain natriuretic peptide)

* EKG

* Chest X-ray (evluating heart size)

 

41. Hydrocortisone - Addison's disease (Infection 예방이 가장중요!!!!!! ->고열시 위험함)

- 부작용 : Weight gain / mood change / 감염위험증가 / Adrenal crisis (Life-threatening)

*** 37.8도 이상 시 즉시 방문 (Infection 주의 - suppress the immune system)

(간호)

-> 1순위 : 감염증상 확인 (고열 등) 

-> 2순위 : Sodium intake줄이기 / High-fiber intake / Avoid sunlight

 

42. Status epilepticus 경련 지속상태 = Medical emergency (5분이상 경련 지속) 

1순위 : Administer IV anticonvulsants (Lorazepam / Diazepam / Phenytoin)

 

43. Starbismus 사시 - Lazy eye

- Squinting (눈을 가늘게 뜸) Head tilting

- Frequent falls or clumsiness(서투른 행동)

 

44. Agitation 초조함

1순위 : Ensure safety / Implement measures to prevent harm

 

45. Hemophilia A 혈우병

-> 모계유전병 X-linked

-> Deficiency in clotting factor 8

 

46. Digoxin toxicity -> Nausea / vomiting 즉시 중재 필요 

 

47. Down syndrome (Trisomy 21) 다운증후근 21염색체 

(특징)

* Epicanthal folds 안와주름

* Heart defects (murmur)

* Low-set ears

* Poor muscle tone (Hypotonia) 

* Protruding tongue